Remove ALS Remove E-9-1-1 Remove Plasma
article thumbnail

Methanol poisoning

Don't Forget the Bubbles

Step 1: Conversion to Formaldehyde Methanol is broken down in the liver by an enzyme called alcohol dehydrogenase at a fixed rate. This zero-order elimination occurs at about ~8–9 mg/dL/hour. How to Calculate the Osmolar Gap The formula for calculated plasma osmolality is: [Na⁺] is the plasma sodium concentration (mEq/L or mmol/L).

Plasma 62
article thumbnail

ED care of refugee populations from sub-Saharan Africa

EMDocs

ED Evaluation Transport to the ED from the refugee reception center takes 1 hour. g/dL, thrombocytopenia of 96 10 9 /L, prothrombin time (PT) of 16.1 1 By the end of 2023, 117.3 million people had been forcibly displaced, representing 1 in 69 individuals or 1.5% seconds (normal 30-40 seconds), creatinine of 3.11

ED 74
professionals

Sign Up for our Newsletter

This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.

article thumbnail

An overview of hypopituitarism

Don't Forget the Bubbles

This small but mighty gland, roughly 1 cm in diameter, sits at the base of the brain, just below the hypothalamus. The likelihood of a pituitary adenoma increases with age, accounting for 1% of all intracranial tumours before 15 years but rising to 18% in adolescents aged 1524. The most commonly used stimulation tests include: 1.

E-9-1-1 70
article thumbnail

EM@3AM: CSF Leak

EMDocs

Answer : CSF Leak Epidemiology: CSF leaks are broken into three main causes Craniofacial trauma: approximately 80% of cases 1 3% of blunt head and 9% of penetrating head trauma patients have CSF leaks Basilar skull fractures commonly occur with CSF leaks (up to 30%) Iatrogenic: approximately 16% of cases 1 3.8% Epub 2021 Sep 9.

E-9-1-1 63
article thumbnail

REBEL Core Cast 108.0 – Angioedema

REBEL EM

Features Urticaria and pruritis Rapid onset (1-2 hours) IgE Dependent (Type I Hypersensitivity) Reactions An allergen cross-links two or more IgE molecules on mast cells or basophils and initiates a signal cascade leading to degranulation. Without the C1 inhibitor, the plasma-kallikrein-kinin system produces more bradykinin.

article thumbnail

ToxCard: Local Anesthetic Systemic Toxicity

EMDocs

1-5] Since then, many more medications have been developed and deployed. Metabolism of ester anesthetics is by plasma cholinesterase, whereas amides are metabolized by the cytochrome P450 system in the liver. [6] 6] Action of local anesthetics is dependent upon the molecule crossing the plasma membrane in a unionized form. [2]

E-9-1-1 103
article thumbnail

Utility of D-dimer Testing in Special Populations

EMDocs

1 A D-dimer level can, therefore, be used as a non-specific and indirect biomarker for the presence of intravascular clotting, which may be useful in the diagnosis of VTE. 1-3 In this patient population, the NPV of a negative D-dimer level is high, such that a negative test makes further evaluation for VTE unnecessary.

E-9-1-1 92